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1.登录gitbash命令端进入本地git库目录

Administrator@PC201601200946 MINGW32 /d/gitrespository/crmweb (master)

2.创建.gitignore

3.修改文件，添加忽略正则

　　.idea //忽略.idea文件夹及文件夹下文件

　　*.iml //忽略以.iml结尾的文件

　　

【例子】

# 忽略*.o和*.a文件

 *.[oa]

# 忽略*.b和*.B文件，my.b除外

*.[bB]

!my.b

# 忽略dbg文件和dbg目录

dbg

# 只忽略dbg目录，不忽略dbg文件

dbg/

# 只忽略dbg文件，不忽略dbg目录

dbg

!dbg/

# 只忽略当前目录下的dbg文件和目录，子目录的dbg不在忽略范围内

/dbg

# 以'#'开始的行，被视为注释.

 * ？：代表任意的一个字符
    * ＊：代表任意数目的字符
    * {!ab}：必须不是此类型
    * {ab,bb,cx}：代表ab,bb,cx中任一类型即可
    * [abc]：代表a,b,c中任一字符即可
    * [ ^abc]：代表必须不是a,b,c中任一字符

4.提交本地版本库，推送到远程项目，方便协作，项目管理

添加忽略之后，已经提交到版本库中的文件是无法忽略的。只能clone到本地，删除后，再进行忽略。

.gitignore只能忽略那些原来没有被track的文件，如果某些文件已经被纳入了版本管理中，则修改.gitignore是无效的。

 正确的做法是在每个clone下来的仓库中手动设置不要检查特定文件的更改情况。
 git update-index –assume-unchanged PATH    在PATH处输入要忽略的文件。
 另外 git 还提供了另一种 exclude 的方式来做同样的事情，不同的是 .gitignore 这个文件本身会提交到版本库中去。用来保存的是公共的需要排除的文件。而 .git/info/exclude 这里设置的则是你自己本地需要排除的文件。 他不会影响到其他人。也不会提交到版本库中去

 

其他操作：git删除远程仓库的文件或目录

 

git rm -r –cached a/2.txt //删除a目录下的2.txt文件   删除a目录git rm -r –cached a

git commit -m "删除a目录下的2.txt文件" 

git push

 

Note:

用-r参数删除目录, git rm –cached a.txt 删除的是本地仓库中的文件，且本地工作区的文件会保留且不再与远程仓库发生跟踪关系，如果本地仓库中的文件也要删除则用git rm a.txt